Fan controller ICs are devices that integrate Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) controllers with temperature sensors, ramp rate control, spin-up algorithms and look-up tables for setting the fan speed (PWM duty cycle) according to the measured temperature and ramp rate control. These devices are a great fit if you have limited software resources but need to get to market quickly.
MCUs present a cost-effective solution with opportunities for Bill of Materials (BOM) consolidation and customizable fan control. When compared to ICs, MCUs are more flexible but require time for the initial software development.